Unitarian Universalist Association Repudiates Doctrine of Discovery in 2012

The Doctrine of Discovery, a historical framework that justified European colonization and the subjugation of Indigenous peoples, has been repudiated by several religious groups. In 2009, the Episcopal Church took a stand against the doctrine, and in 2012, the Unitarian Universalist Association followed. Other denominations, including the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), the World Council of Churches, and the United Methodist Church, have also formally rejected the Doctrine of Discovery. These actions reflect a growing recognition of the harm caused by the doctrine and a commitment to addressing its legacy.

The Vatican, however, has not publicly addressed its role in the Doctrine of Discovery or revoked the papal bulls that underpinned it. This lack of acknowledgment has left many Catholics largely unaware of the doctrine’s historical impact. Libby Comeaux, a lawyer and member of the Loretto Community, recalls a pivotal moment during an environmental conference in 2012 when the issue was brought to light. At the event, a law professor from Denver University challenged the Loretto sisters on their understanding of the Doctrine of Discovery, highlighting the need for greater awareness and action.

Comeaux noted that she was the only Catholic in the room who was familiar with the doctrine. This experience underscores the limited knowledge many Catholics have about the historical roots of the Doctrine of Discovery and its implications. The Loretto Community, which has long been involved in social justice and environmental advocacy, has since taken steps to confront the legacy of the doctrine within its own practices and teachings.

A letter signed by members of the Loretto Community called on the pope to formally repudiate and rescind the Dum Diversas Bull of 1452 and the Inter Caetera Bull of 1493. These papal bulls granted European powers the authority to conquer and enslave non-Christians, laying the groundwork for the Doctrine of Discovery. The letter acknowledged the Vatican’s efforts in supporting indigenous rights, such as Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI’s advocacy for the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. However, it emphasized the need for a full reckoning with the past.

The call for papal action reflects a broader movement within religious communities to confront historical injustices and promote reconciliation. As the Unitarian Universalist Association and other groups continue to address the Doctrine of Discovery, the Catholic Church faces a critical moment in its own journey toward accountability and justice. The path forward requires not only acknowledgment of past wrongs but also a commitment to meaningful change and healing.

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