South Africa Submits ICJ Evidence That Israel Failed to Comply With Gaza Provisional Orders, Amnesty Says

South Africa has submitted evidence to the International Court of Justice (ICJ) documenting what it says is Israel’s non-compliance with provisional orders the court issued in the case concerning allegations of genocide against Palestinians in the occupied Gaza Strip. Amnesty International said on the day of the submission that other states must press Israel to comply. South Africa argues that Israel has failed to comply with the measures the court ordered, and Amnesty said its own findings are consistent with that argument.

Amnesty stated that Israeli authorities have not implemented the measures and that they have continued to commit genocide against Palestinians in Gaza, even after what the organization called the “so-called ceasefire” of October 2025. Heba Morayef, Amnesty International’s Regional Director for the Middle East and North Africa, said that Israel had continued to inflict irreparable damage on Palestinians’ rights under the Genocide Convention since the ICJ issued its first provisional measures in January 2024.

Amnesty also criticized other states. Morayef said South Africa’s submission was “an outlier in a crowded field of states” that had failed to act to prevent Israel’s alleged genocide in Gaza, and in some cases had enabled it. Amnesty said that some third states had failed to take effective measures to enforce the court’s orders, while others had provided diplomatic cover, financial resources and material support.

According to Amnesty, Israeli authorities continue to restrict the entry and distribution of essential supplies into Gaza, including medical supplies, food, fuel and reconstruction materials, and to curtail the work of humanitarian agencies. Amnesty said this conflicts with the court’s January 2024 order to take immediate and effective measures to enable the provision of basic services and humanitarian assistance, an order it said was reiterated in March and May 2024. Morayef also said that killing Palestinian media workers, blocking international media and human rights investigators, and denying the International Committee of the Red Cross access to Palestinian detainees, despite a ruling of Israel’s own Supreme Court, violated the court’s order to preserve evidence. Amnesty further said Israel had not investigated or prosecuted any senior politician who issued genocidal statements, which it said breached the order to prevent and punish incitement to genocide.

Amnesty reported that at least 1,303 Palestinians, including more than 300 children, have been killed by Israeli attacks since the October 2025 ceasefire. It said that despite some improvements in the humanitarian situation and fewer attacks, deadly air strikes, destruction of civilian objects, mass displacement and killings continue. Amnesty said tens of thousands of Palestinians in Gaza are living with life-changing injuries and mental harm that require long-term treatment, and that Israel’s troops and local militias are deployed across nearly 65 percent of the Gaza Strip, preventing displaced Palestinians from returning to land east of what is called the “yellow line.” Morayef said this situation underscored the need to protect Palestinians in Gaza and to ensure Israel complies with its obligations under the Genocide Convention.

Amnesty called on all states to pressure Israel to end violations of international law, to implement the ICJ’s provisional measures, to stop arms transfers and military assistance, and to end trade or economic relations that contribute to the unlawful occupation of the Occupied Palestinian Territory, in line with the ICJ’s July 2024 advisory opinion. Amnesty specifically called on South Africa to suspend any trade agreements with Israel that may risk contributing to human rights violations, including seaborne thermal coal shipments.

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